1.Umatshini wokudibanisa: “Igosa” leNxulumaniso yeConcrete echanekileyo neFanelekileyo

Kwiimeko ezibandakanya ukuveliswa kwekhonkrithi, njengeeprojekthi zokwakha kunye nokwakhiwa kweendlela, umatshini wokudibanisa ungenye yezinto eziphambili zezixhobo zokuqinisekisa umgangatho wekhonkrithi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Kufana ne "batching steward" echanekileyo nesebenzayo, elawula inkqubo yokuqala ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yekhonkrithi.

I. Ulwakhiwo oluSisiseko kunye noMgaqo

Umatshini wokudibanisa ubukhulu becala uqulunqwe yimigqomo yokugcina, inkqubo yokulinganisa, isixhobo sokuhambisa, kunye nenkqubo yokulawula. Imigqomo emininzi yokugcina iyasetwa, enokuthi ngokulandelelana igcine iiaggregates ezahlukeneyo ezifana nesanti kunye negrabile ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yemathiriyeli ekrwada eyahlukeneyo kwimveliso yekhonkrithi. Inkqubo yokulinganisa ingundoqo. Ngoncedo lwezobuchwepheshe ezifana ne-sensors, inokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo inani lokutya kohlobo ngalunye lwe-aggregate ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka komlinganiselo womxube. Isixhobo sokuhambisa sinoxanduva lokuthutha ii-aggregates ezilinganisiweyo ukuya kumxube. Ezona ziqhelekileyo ziquka abahambisi bebhanti, njl.njl., ezinokuhanjiswa okuzinzile kwaye azihambelani nentsalela yezinto. Inkqubo yokulawula "yingqondo". Abaqhubi babeka iiparamitha zokudibanisa ngayo, kwaye izixhobo ngokuzenzekelayo zigqibezela inkqubo yokudibanisa ngokwemiyalelo yokuqonda ukusebenza okuzenzekelayo.

II. Ukudibanisa okuchanekileyo kuQinisekiso loMgangatho

Iipropati zekhonkrithi, njengamandla kunye nokuqina, ubukhulu becala kuxhomekeke ekubeni umxube wezinto eziluhlaza uchanekile. Inkqubo yokulinganisa umatshini wokudibanisa inokuchaneka okuphezulu kwaye inokulawula ngokungqongqo idosi yee-aggregates ezifana nesanti kunye negrabile ngokuhambelana neemfuno zokwakha, kunye neempazamo ezincinci kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, xa uvelisa i-concrete yokuqina, iimfuno zomlinganiselo we-aggregate zingqongqo. Umatshini wokudibanisa unokunyusa ngokuchanekileyo izinto eziphathekayo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwebhetshi nganye yekhonkrithi kunye nokuphepha ukuguquguquka kumgangatho wekhonkrithi obangelwa yimpazamo kwi-batching manual, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa umgangatho weprojekthi ukusuka kumthombo. Kwiiprojekthi ezineemfuno eziphezulu zomgangatho wekhonkrithi, njengezakhiwo eziphakamileyo kunye neebhulorho, ukubethelwa ngokuchanekileyo komatshini wokudibanisa kubaluleke kakhulu.

III. IMveliso eLungileyo yoPhuculo oluPhuculweyo

Kwiimeko ezinkulu zokuvelisa ikhonkrithi, umatshini wokudibanisa unokufikelela ngokuqhubekayo kunye nokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza. Imigqomo yokugcina izinto ezininzi zilungiselela izinto ngaxeshanye, kwaye iinkqubo zokulinganisa kunye nokuhambisa zidibene ngokutyibilikayo, ezinokusebenzisana nomxube wokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa kakhulu umjikelezo wemveliso. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-batching yemveli yezandla, ayikhawulezi nje ngokuphindwe kaninzi kodwa inokuphinda isebenze ngokuqhubekayo iiyure ezingama-24 (phantsi kwesiseko sogcino olufanelekileyo), ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yobonelelo ngekhonkrithi ngexesha lokungxama kweeprojekthi ezinkulu, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kolwakhiwo, kunye nokukhawulezisa inkqubela yeprojekthi.

IV. Ukuziqhelanisa neeMfuno ezahlukeneyo kunye noBumbeko oluguquguqukayo

Umatshini wokudibanisa unokulungiswa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokweemfuno zeprojekthi ezahlukeneyo. Inani kunye nomthamo wemigqomo yokugcina inokulungiswa njengoko kufuneka, kwaye inokulungelelaniswa kwimveliso yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nekhonkrithi eqhelekileyo kunye nekhonkrithi ekhethekileyo. Ingaba imveliso encinci yecandelo le-precast evelisa iibhetshi ezincinci zekhonkrithi ezahlukahlukeneyo okanye isityalo esikhulu sokuxuba esivelisa uhlobo olulodwa lwekhonkrithi kwinqanaba elikhulu, sinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuvelisa ngokulungelelanisa iiparitha kunye nokudibanisa umatshini wokudibanisa, kwaye unobumbano obuqinileyo kunye nokulungelelanisa.

V. Ukunciphisa Iindleko, Ukonga Amandla kunye NoBume bendalo

Ukudibanisa okuchanekileyo kunciphisa inkunkuma yezinto eziluhlaza ezifana nee-aggregates. Ukutya okuchanekileyo ngokwemfuno kuthintela ukutyisa kakhulu okanye ukungondleki ngokwaneleyo, ukonga iindleko zempahla ekrwada. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukusebenza okuzenzekelayo kunciphisa igalelo labasebenzi kwaye kunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi. Abanye oomatshini bebhetshi abaphambili bagxile kugcino lwamandla kunye nokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kuyilo. Umzekelo, ukwenza ngcono isixhobo sokuhambisa ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla; ukutywina imigqomo yokugcina ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kothuli kunye nokuphucula imeko-bume yemveliso, ehambelana nombono wokwakhiwa okuluhlaza kunye nokunceda iprojekthi ihlangabezane nemigangatho yokukhusela indalo.

Nangona kunjalo, umatshini wokudibanisa nawo ufuna ukulungiswa okufanelekileyo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Ukulinganisa rhoqo inkqubo yokulinganisa, jonga imeko yokunxiba yesixhobo sokuhambisa, njl., Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kunye nokuchanekileyo kwexesha elide. Njengoko ishishini lokwakha lithe gqolo liphakamisa iimfuno zomgangatho wekhonkrithi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, umatshini wokudibanisa uphinda uphuculwe ngokuqhubekayo, uphuhlisela kwicala elikrelekrele ngakumbi, elichaneke ngakumbi, kunye nesikhokelo esivumelana nokusingqongileyo. Kwixesha elizayo, iya kudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kulwakhiwo lobunjineli, ukubonelela ngenkxaso eyomeleleyo yokudala iiprojekthi zokwakha ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nenzuzo ephezulu, ibe "ngumncedisi onobuchule" oyimfuneko kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ikhonkrithi, kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso kunye nenkqubela phambili yoshishino lokwakha lonke.

2.Ukutyhila iPalletizer: I-Intelligent "Handling Hero" yeeFactory zanamhlanje

Kwi-workshop yemveliso yefektri, kukho "iqhawe lokuphatha" elinjalo elinikela ngokuthula - i-palletizer. Ingabonakala ngathi yisakhiwo esikhulu sentsimbi, kodwa "ingqondo" ethambileyo kunye "nezakhono" eziguquguqukayo, ibe yinxalenye eyimfuneko kwimveliso ezenzekelayo, ngokufanelekileyo nangokuchanekileyo ukuphatha umsebenzi wokupakisha izinto.

I. Imbonakalo kunye noLwakhiwo oluSisiseko

Ngokubhekiselele kwimbonakalo, le palletizer inesakhiwo sesakhelo esiqhelekileyo, njenge "castle castle" i-tailor - eyenzelwe ukuphatha izinto eziphathekayo. Ubukhulu becala yenziwe isakhelo esiphambili, isixhobo sokubamba, umzila wokuhambisa, inkqubo yokulawula kunye nezinye iindawo. Isakhelo esiphambili "i-skeleton", exhasa ubunzima bezixhobo zonke kunye namandla ngexesha lokusebenza, ukuzinza nokuthembeka; isixhobo sokubamba sifana ne-flexible "palm", enokuthi ithathe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ibeke izinto eziphathekayo, kunye noyilo oluhlukeneyo lunokutshintshwa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana nebhokisi, i-bagged, kunye ne-桶装 (i-barreled); umzila wokuhambisa "umzila", ovumela amacandelo alawulayo e-palletizer ukuba ahambe ngokwendlela ecwangcisiweyo; inkqubo yolawulo yi "nerve center", eqondisa ukulungelelaniswa komsebenzi wamacandelo ahlukeneyo.

II. Inkqubo yokuSebenza kunye noMgaqo

Umsebenzi we-palletizer kukubeka ngokucocekileyo izixhobo kumgca wemveliso kwiimfumba zokugcinwa kunye nokuthutha. Xa izinto eziphathekayo zifikelela kwindawo echongiweyo ngomgca wokuhambisa, inkqubo yokulawula iya kukhupha imiyalelo, kwaye isixhobo sokubamba siya kwenza ngokukhawuleza. Ngokwendlela yokucwangcisa i-palletizing (njengemiqolo, i-staggered, njl.), iya kubamba ngokuchanekileyo izixhobo, emva koko ihambe kunye nomzila wokuhambisa kwindawo ye-pallet kwaye uyibeke ngokuthe ngcembe. Olu ngcelele lwezenzo luxhomekeke kuluvo lokubona izikhundla, iinjini zokuqhuba iintshukumo, kunye nolawulo lwengqiqo yenkqubo, njenge “iqela elincinane” elisebenzisanayo, ngokukhawuleza nangaphandle kweempazamo, ukuguqula izinto ezimdaka zomntu zibe ziimfumba ezicocekileyo.

III. Ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ukunyusa isakhono seMveliso

Kwiimeko ezinkulu zokuvelisa, i-palletizer yiyona ejongene nokusebenza kakuhle. I-palletizing ye-manual ayicothi nje kuphela kodwa iyakwazi ukudinwa kunye neempazamo, ngelixa i-palletizer inokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo kwiiyure ze-24 (ngokugcinwa okufanelekileyo). Inokugqiba ukubamba - ukupakisha isenzo amaxesha amaninzi ngomzuzu. Izinto ezikumgca wemveliso zinokukhawuleza zifakwe kwipaleti ngayo, zinciphise kakhulu umjikelo wemveliso kwaye zenze umthamo wemveliso womzi-mveliso “unyuke”. Umzekelo, iikhreyithi zesiselo kumzi-mveliso wokutya kunye neengxowa zemathiriyeli ekrwada kumzi-mveliso wemichiza, isixa ebesifudula sithatha abantu abaliqela imini yonke ukuze siphathwe ngoku sinokwenziwa yi-palletizer kwiiyure ezimbalwa, kwaye sinokusigcina isingqisho esizinzileyo ngaphandle kokulibazisa i-rehousing elandelayo kunye namakhonkco olungiselelo.

IV. IPalletizing echanekileyo yokuqinisekisa uMgangatho

"Ukuchaneka" kwe-palletizer kuyaziwa kakuhle. Ixhomekeke kuluvo kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo, kwaye impazamo yendawo incinci kakhulu xa ubamba kwaye ubeka imathiriyeli. Iimfumba ezipakishwe zicocekile, zintle kwaye zizinzile. Kwezinye izinto ezoyika ukungqubana kwaye zineemfuno eziphezulu zokupakisha ukuchaneka, njengebhokisi yokupakisha yamacandelo e-elektroniki, i-palletizing manual inokubangela ukungqubana ukuba ayiqapheli, kodwa i-palletizer inokusebenza ngokuthe gqolo, inqanda umonakalo wezinto eziphathekayo, iqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso kwikhonkco le-palletizing, kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko ebangelwa yi-palletizing engafanelekanga.

V. Ukulungelelaniswa okuguquguqukayo kwiMveliso eyahlukeneyo

Izixhobo kwiifektri ezahlukeneyo ziyahluka kakhulu, kodwa i-palletizer inokujongana nayo ngokuguquguqukayo. Ngokuhlengahlengisa isixhobo sokubamba kunye nokuseta iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zepalletizing, sinokuhlengahlengiswa kwiifom zezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana neebhokisi, iibhegi, kunye nemigqomo. Isenokutshintsha kwakhona inani leeleyile zokupakisha kunye neendlela zokucwangcisa ngokwendawo yokugcina kunye neemfuno zothutho. Ingaba lishishini elincinci elincinci elivelisa iindidi ezincinci-imveliso ye-batch okanye i-factory-scale enkulu evelisa uhlobo olulodwa lwezinto eziphathekayo kwinqanaba elikhulu, i-palletizer ingakwazi "ukulungelelanisa kwiimeko zendawo" kwaye ilungise "imo yokusebenza" yayo, ibe "isandla esisebenzayo" kumgca wokuvelisa.

VI. UkuNcitshiswa kweeNdleko, ukuNyuswa kokuFanelekileyo, kunye nokuNcedisa iiFactory eziSmart

Ukusebenzisa i-palletizer, umzi-mveliso unokunciphisa igalelo labasebenzi kunye neendleko eziphantsi zabasebenzi, kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko yezinto eziphathekayo ezibangelwa iimpazamo zabantu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, nangona kukho iindleko zokuthenga izixhobo, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphuculweyo kunye nomgangatho oqinisekisayo kunokugcina umzi-mveliso imali eninzi. Ngaphezu koko, i-palletizer yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokwakhiwa kweefektri ezihlakaniphile. Isebenzisana nezinye izixhobo ezizenzekelayo (ezifana nemigca yokuhambisa, iirobhothi, njl.), ukwenza inkqubo yokuvelisa ihlakaniphile kwaye igudileyo, kunye nokukhuthaza umzi-mveliso ukuba uphucule kwidijithali kunye nobukrelekrele.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, i-palletizer nayo ifuna ukulungiswa okulungileyo. Jonga rhoqo i-lubrication yomzila, ukunxiba kwesixhobo sokubamba, kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yokulawula, ukuze isebenze ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuzinza ngamaxesha onke. Ngophuhliso lwemveliso ekrelekrele, i-palletizer iya kuba nengqondo ngakumbi. Ngokomzekelo, ukudibanisa ukuqaphela okubonakalayo kwe-AI ukulungelelanisa ngokuzimeleyo isicwangciso se-palletizing; inxibelelana ngokunzulu nenkqubo ye-MES ukwenza ucwangciso lwemveliso lube nobuchule. Kwixesha elizayo, iya kukhanya kwiifektri ezininzi, ibe "iqhawe lokuphatha" elinamandla kwaye lihlakaniphile, lityhalela yonke imveliso yokuvelisa ukuya kwisikhokelo esisebenzayo nesilumkileyo, kunye nokwenza "ibali lokuphatha" kwi-workshop yokuvelisa ngakumbi nangakumbi!